Background: Social networks include websites and applications that allow users to share content, ideas, opinions, beliefs, feelings, and personal, social, and educational experiences. Thus, considering the key role of students in promoting the quality of physical and mental health of society, and also due to the lack of knowledge on the type of relationship between social networking addiction and academic performance of the students of medical sciences, the present study was designed and implemented. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social media among the students of medical sciences and their behaviour changes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students. Stratified random sampling was used. The study tools included personal information form and the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS-18.0. Results: Most of the students are using social media for studies and to talk with their friends and whenever they feel alone. Conclusion: Over all the social media use age was moderate. Overall, social media appeared to be very useful tool for students’ community as they use them to improve their studies and carrier development. However, their negative effects seemed to be very poor as compared to their positive effects.

A COVID-19 related Stress Scale was developed for this study to address the specific stressors related to the pandemic lockdown experience. Based on a Survey Monkey study on 260 healthy individuals (18-82 years), the stress scale scores and its individual items were significantly correlated with scores on scales for health, media use, mood states including anxiety and depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms, fatigue and sleep disturbances. Stepwise regression analysis suggested that depression, media use and fatigue scale scores contributed to 52% of the variance on the stress scale scores. In turn, the stress scale scores and items were significantly correlated with sleep disturbances, as were health, anxiety, depression, fatigue and PTSD symptoms. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that 52% of the variance on the sleep scale scores was explained by fatigue and posttraumatic stress scale scores. These data suggest that individuals experiencing COVID-19 lockdowns are experiencing psychological symptoms and lockdown-related stressors that are contributing to sleep disturbances that highlight the need for interventions during lockdowns. Stress and Sleep Disturbances During a COVID-19 Lockdown April 2020

Teachers have a fundamental role in transforming the school’s environment into a context of well-being and in promoting young people’s mental health. The main goal of ES´COOL training is to promote adolescents’ mental health by empowering teachers and school staff with skills that will enable them to build a balanced school environment. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact that teacher training in the area of mental health had on their skills and knowledge regarding mental health. The sample was constituted by 276 teachers who work in schools in Portuguese mainland and participated in the ES’COOL training. Two evaluation moments were carried out, the initial evaluation - one week before the beginning of the training, and the final evaluation - one week after the end of the training. Results show that teachers improved most of the assessed skills and knowledge after training. Problem-solving, motivation and leadership were the skills that increased the most after the training.